How to stop a bloody nose?

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SOS: First aid tips for nosebleeds

If there is no other injury, the following first aid measures can be taken to stop the bleeding:

Tips against nosebleeds:

• Assume an upright sitting position. Bend your head forward so that the blood can flow out through the nostril. It is best to hold a cloth under your nose. Inhalation and exhalation can be done through the mouth.
• Squeeze the nose firmly for a few minutes. Temporarily close the nostrils with your thumb and forefinger and let go after about 15 minutes. If the nose continues to bleed, repeat the procedure.
• Additional cooling: Place a cooling element or a wet, cold cloth on the back of the neck or on the bridge of the nose.
• Stable lateral position for the unconscious: If someone is unconscious and has severe nosebleeds, the blood could get from the nose into the windpipe. The stable side position prevents this because the blood can then flow out of the nose to the outside. In addition, the emergency doctor must be called immediately.

Under no circumstances should you lie down or bring your head towards your neck if you have a nosebleed. You should also refrain from inserting cotton wool or a handkerchief. If removed later, the wound could easily open again.

If bleeding cannot be stopped even after 20 minutes, it is recommended to go to an emergency room or call the emergency services. In the case of children, you should inform a doctor after ten minutes.

What is nosebleed?

Nosebleeds are often harmless. Suddenly there is blood flowing out of one or both nostrils for no apparent reason. In many cases, even dry nasal mucous membranes, heavy blowing or sneezing, but also a blow to the nose are enough to trigger the bleeding. Often the shock is greater than the extent of the blood loss. The source of the nosebleed is usually in the front of the nasal septum. The mucous membrane there is very well supplied with blood, but it is also thin and sensitive.

The bleeding usually stops on its own after a few minutes. However, there are also serious and sometimes life-threatening causes of nosebleeds. Most of the bleeding then originates from the back of the nose. There the supplying blood vessels are not yet as finely branched as further ahead so that a possible bleeding area appears larger. Then often only the ear, nose, and throat doctor can stop the nosebleed. If there is another disease behind the nosebleed, the cause must be treated.

Causes of nosebleeds

Nosebleeds (epistaxis) can affect you at any age. The causes are manifold. Even strong blowing the nose or picking the nose can lead to small injuries to the nasal mucosa, from which it then bleeds. Epistaxis is not always harmless, because a serious illness can also be concealed behind the symptom. For example, high blood pressure or kidney disease can cause bleeding in the nose. Basically, the causes of nosebleeds can be divided into local triggers and systemic triggers:

Systemic causes of nosebleeds:

• Colds: If the mucous membrane in the nose becomes inflamed, bleeding can easily occur. Frequent nose blowing can also force this.
• Infections such as flu or measles that are accompanied by fever: The increased blood flow to the mucous membranes can encourage nosebleeds.
• Kidney disease
• Leukemia (blood cancer)
• Vascular and circulatory diseases: For example, arteriosclerosis (hardening of the arteries) or hypertension (high blood pressure).
• Congenital dysfunction of the blood platelets (thrombocytopathy or homeopathy)
• Autoimmune diseases and hereditary diseases such as Wegener’s disease, Osler’s disease, hemophilia (including hemophilia A and B and Von Willebrand-Jürgens syndrome)
• Medicines that inhibit blood clotting (anticoagulants): for example acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) and the active ingredient group of coumarins or coumarins.
• Other medications: Some antibiotics and psychotropic drugs promote the development of nosebleeds.

Epistaxis – when to see a doctor?

In most cases, nosebleeds will go away on their own. However, if the bleeding continues after 20 minutes (in children after ten minutes), it cannot be stopped for a short time – then a doctor should be consulted or the emergency doctor should be called quickly. You should also consult a doctor if you repeatedly suffer from nosebleeds to stop a bloody nose, for example, several times a week. Likewise, if the symptom occurs suddenly, even though one has never suffered from it before, the doctor should be asked for advice. The bleeding may be harmless, but sometimes there is a disease behind it that needs treatment.

Medical methods to stop a bloody nose:

• Etching or sclerosing: If the source of the bleeding is in the anterior part of the nose (in the Locus Kiesselbach area), the bleeding area can be etched with silver nitrate, for example. Sclerotherapy by means of laser or electrocoagulation is also possible.
• Tamponades: Bleeding in the front area of ​​the nose can be stopped with self-expanding or inflatable tamponades. So-called Bellocq tamponades are used in the back of the nose. They are pulled through the nose into the back of the nasopharynx.
• Embolic closure: If the nosebleed is very severe, the affected vessel can be closed from the inside using a catheter. The embolic seal is applied by a radiologist using special imaging technology.
• Decongestant nasal sprays: Decongestant nasal sprays, for example with the active ingredient xylometazoline, can cause the vessels to contract.
• Stabilization of the circulatory system: If the blood pressure is very low and the pulse is accelerating, this may be due to a high level of blood loss. The administration of blood substitutes can bring the blood pressure back to normal levels to stop a bloody nose. Blood transfusions after a nosebleed are only indicated in very rare cases.

Homeopathy to stop a bloody nose

If you have a nosebleed, it is important to stop the blood flow as quickly as possible. The first measure should be to bend the head forward so that the blood is not swallowed. It could cause nausea and nausea. In addition, it is otherwise not possible to judge the severity of the bleeding. Squeezing the nostrils together with the thumb and forefinger and cooling the neck or the bridge of the nose are also useful to stop the bleeding. Depending on the trigger of the nosebleed, different homeopathic active ingredients can be administered.

The following homeopathic remedies are recommended for nosebleeds:

• Arnica: After being hit or fallen on the nose. But also if there is bleeding from the nose due to physical exertion, vigorous nose blowing or coughing, especially whooping cough.
• Ferrum phosphoricum: When nosebleeds occur in the case of feverish infections, but also when arnica has not worked after a blow on the nose.
• Phosphorus: Particularly in the case of heavy and persistent nosebleeds. If the blood looks bright red, the person is exhausted and sweating profusely.

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